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To perform this study the authors were funded by their respective institutions and by the Research University Department of the Basque Government, the Project RTA 2013-00048-C03-03 INIA and the Project: Healthy Forest: LIFE14 ENV/ES/000179.

Analysis of institutional authors

Iturritxa, EugeniaCorresponding Author

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June 27, 2022
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Distribution and Characterization of Armillaria Complex in Atlantic Forest Ecosystems of Spain

Publicated to:Forests. 8 (7): 235- - 2017-07-01 8(7), DOI: 10.3390/f8070235

Authors: Mesanza, Nebai; Patten, Cheryl L; Iturritxa, Eugenia

Affiliations

Neiker Tecnalia, Prod & Plant Protect, Apartado 46, Vitoria 01080, Spain - Author
Univ New Brunswick, Dept Biol, POB 4400, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada - Author

Abstract

Armillaria root disease is a significant forest health concern in the Atlantic forest ecosystems in Spain. The damage occurs in conifers and hardwoods, causing especially high mortality in young trees in both native forests and plantations. In the present study, the distribution of Armillaria root disease in the forests and plantations of the Basque Country is reported. Armillaria spp. were more frequently isolated from stands with slopes of 20-30% and west orientation, acid soils with high permeability, deciduous hosts, and a rainfall average above 1800 mm. In a large-scale survey, 35% of the stands presented Armillaria structures and showed disease symptoms. Of the isolated Armillaria samples, 60% were identified using molecular methods as A. ostoyae, 24% as A. mellea, 14% as A. gallica, 1% as A. tabescens, and 1% as A. cepistipes. In a small scale sampling, population diversity was defined by somatic compatibility tests and Universally Primed-PCR technique. Finally, the pathogenicity of A. mellea, the species with the broadest host range, was determined on different tree species present in the Atlantic area of Spain in order to determine their resistance levels to Armillaria disease. A significant difference in disease severity was observed among tree species (p < 0.001), with Pinus radiata being the most susceptible tree species and Cryptomeria japonica the most resistant to A. mellea.

Keywords

Armillaria spp.DistributionDiversityEnvironmental factorsHost susceptibilityIdentificationInfectionOstoyaePolymerase-chain-reactionPopulation-structureRoot diseaseStrainsTrichodermaUp-pcr

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Forests due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2017, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Forestry.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 1.86, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-19, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 9

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-19:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 35 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

    It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

    • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.

    Leadership analysis of institutional authors

    This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Canada.

    There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: Last Author (Iturricha Vélez Del Burgo, María Eugenia).

    the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Iturricha Vélez Del Burgo, María Eugenia.