{rfName}
Co

Indexed in

License and use

Citations

7

Altmetrics

Grant support

This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion under Grant MSCA IF EF-ST 2020/PCI 2021-122066-2B, Grant PID2019-111443RB-I00, and Grant PID2020-120151RB-100.

Analysis of institutional authors

El Aroudi, AbdelaliAuthorLopez-Santos, OswaldoAuthorMartinez-Salamero, LuisAuthor

Share

September 1, 2024
Publications
>
Article
No

Constant Power-Constant Voltage Battery Charging Based on a Loss-Free Resistor Approach

Publicated to:Ieee Transactions On Circuits And Systems I-Regular Papers. 71 (10): 4778-4791 - 2024-08-19 71(10), DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2024.3441508

Authors: Zambrano-Prada, David A; El Aroudi, Abdelali; Lopez-Santos, Oswaldo; Vazquez-Seisdedos, Luis; Martinez-Salamero, Luis

Affiliations

Tech Univ Madrid, Sch Forestry Engn & Nat Resources, Dept Forestry Engn & Management, Electrotech Teaching Unit, Madrid 28040, Spain - Author
Univ Rovira i Virgili, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Dept Elect Elect & Automat Control Engn, Grp Automat Control & Ind Elect GAEI, Campus Sescelades, Tarragona 43007, Spain - Author

Abstract

A constant power (CP)-constant voltage (CV) protocol for battery charging is implemented in a conventional boost converter with output filter (BOF) by imposing loss-free resistor (LFR) behavior during the CP phase. To compare on equal basis the performance of the new CP-CV technique with the classical constant current (CC)-CV protocol, the latter is also implemented in the same power stage. The CC phase in BOF is attained by imposing a G-gyrator of type II behavior to the converter. A versatile controller uses the same voltage regulation loop for both protocols during the CV phase and a slightly different loop for the CP and CC phases. The latter loop is based in both CP and CC phases on the sliding-mode control (SMC) of the input inductor current of BOF, which in steady-state is made proportional to the input voltage in the LFR case or to the output voltage in the gyrator implementation. To compensate for the slow variations of the battery voltage during the CC phase, a proportional-integral (PI) current regulator has been added in the gyrator realization. The comparison of the corresponding experimental results shows identical behavior in both approaches in the measured waveforms, component stress, efficiency and external temperature. The simplicity of the CP-CV implementation based on LFR allows the extension of the proposed protocol to other hard-switching converters.

Keywords

BatteriesBattery chargingCanonical elements for power processingClassificationDesigElectric vehiclesFast chargingGyratorsProtocolsRealizationResistorsSliding-mode controSliding-mode controlStandardsSteady-stateStrategyTransformers

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Ieee Transactions On Circuits And Systems I-Regular Papers due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2024 there are still no calculated indicators, but in 2023, it was in position 61/353, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Engineering, Electrical & Electronic.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2025-07-16:

  • WoS: 2
  • Scopus: 3

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-16:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 9 (PlumX).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Zambrano-Prada, David A) and Last Author (Martínez Salamero, Luis).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Zambrano-Prada, David A.