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The authors are grateful to the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq - grants 141311/2017-7, 305637/2015-0) for fellowships and financial support. This study was financed in part by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior -Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001, the Government of Aragon, the Servicio General de Apoyo a la Investigacion-SAI, UNIZAR & the European Base Found, proposal E49_20R, and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, proposal #CTM2017-82929-R. The authors are also grateful to the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, grants 2016/01513-0). We would like to thank MSc. Daniel F. Andrade and Dr. Raquel C. Machado for donating the electronic waste reference material.

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Direct determination of Al and Pb in waste printed circuit boards (PCB) by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS): Evaluation of calibration strategies and economic - environmental questions

Publicat a:Journal Of Hazardous Materials. 399 122831- - 2020-11-15 399(), DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122831

Autors: Victor Babos, Diego; Cruz-Conesa, Andres; Pereira-Filho, Edenir Rodrigues; Anzano, Jesus M

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Matrix-matching calibration (MMC), two-point calibration transfer (TP CT), one-point and multi-line calibration (OP MLC), single-sample calibration (SSC) and calibration free (CF) were evaluated in order to overcome matrix effects in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). These calibration strategies were evaluated for direct determination of Al and Pb in waste printed circuit boards (PCB) using direct solids analysis by LIBS. Each strategy has limitations and advantages of its implementation, for the correction of matrix effects, so that it allows elementary determination with adequate accuracy. The MMC and CF proved to be excellent calibration strategies for the determination of strategic (Al) and toxic (Pb) elements by LIBS, with good recoveries (ranging from 80-120%) and low relative standard deviation (RSD%) values. A detailed discussion of the advantages and limitations of each of these five calibration strategies evaluated for LIBS is presented in this study. Lead concentrations in waste PCB samples are 5-12 times higher than established by Directive 2011/65/EU, and the samples analyzed contain between 3 and 55 g kg(-1) Al, being an interesting economic and recycling source for this metal.

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