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Romero Gallego, JoaquinAuthorGuasch Moix, MarcAuthorFerré Romeu, Maria PilarAuthorRomero JAuthorGuasch MAuthor

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Facilitative effect of cognate words vanishes when reducing the orthographic overlap: The role of stimuli list composition

Publicated to:Journal Of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory And Cognition. 41 (3): 614-635 - 2015-05-01 41(3), DOI: 10.1037/xlm0000065

Authors: Comesana, Montserrat; Ferre, Pilar; Romero, Joaquin; Guasch, Marc; Soares, Ana P; Garcia-Chico, Teofilo

Affiliations

Comillas Pontifical Univ, Madrid, Spain - Author
Univ Minho, Sch Psychol, CIPsi, Human Cognit Lab, P-4710057 Braga, Portugal - Author
Univ Rovira & Virgili, CRAMC, Tarragona, Spain - Author
Univ Rovira & Virgili, Dept English & German Studies, Tarragona, Spain - Author
Univ Rovira & Virgili, Dept Psychol, Tarragona, Spain - Author
Universidad Pontificia Comillas - Author
Universidade do Minho - Author
Universitat Rovira i Virgili - Author
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Abstract

© 2014 American Psychological Association. Recent research has shown that cognate word processing is modulated by variables such as degree of orthographic and phonological overlap of cognate words and task requirements in such a way that the typical preferential processing observed in the literature for cognate words relative to non-cognate words can be annulled or even reversed (Comesaña et al., 2012; Dijkstra, Miwa, Brummelhuis, Sappelli, & Baayen, 2010). These findings beg the question about the precise representation and processing of identical cognates (e.g., plata-plata, silver in Spanish and Catalan, respectively) and non-identical cognates (e.g., braç-brazo [arm]). The aim of the present study was to further explore this issue by manipulating for the 1st time cross-linguistic similarities of identical and non-identical cognate words as well as stimuli list composition. Proficient balanced Catalan-Spanish bilinguals performed a lexical decision task in Spanish. In Experiment 1 identical and non-identical cognates along with non-cognates made up the experimental list, whereas in Experiment 2 identical cognates were excluded from the list. Results showed modulations in cognate processing as a function of their degree of orthographic and phonological overlap. These results confirm prior findings regarding the processing of cognates when cross-linguistic similarities are taken into account. Most important, the direction of the cognate effect was affected by the stimuli list composition (i.e., the preferential processing for cognate words was restricted to the list containing identical cognates). Results have important implications for the Bilingual Interactive Activation Plus model (BIA+; Dijkstra & van Heuven, 2002), especially regarding identical and non-identical cognate word representation.

Keywords

AdolescentAdultBilingual memoryDecision makingFemaleHumansIdentical and non-identical cognate processingLanguage testsMaleMultilingualismPhoneticsPhonological and orthographic similaritiesPsycholinguisticsPsychological testsReaction timeSemanticsStimuli list compositionYoung adult

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Journal Of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory And Cognition due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2015, it was in position 21/85, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Psychology, Experimental.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 1.47. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 14, 2024)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 4.51 (source consulted: FECYT Feb 2024)
  • Field Citation Ratio (FCR) from Dimensions: 6.32 (source consulted: Dimensions Jun 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-06-11, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 46
  • Scopus: 55
  • Europe PMC: 5
  • Google Scholar: 83
  • OpenCitations: 36

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-06-11:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 72.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 71 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 1.25.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 1 (Altmetric).

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Portugal.